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Children's Cancer Foundation Over 30 years of caring service
Children's Palliative Care Foundation
Children's Palliative Care Foundation

About Childhood Cancer

About Childhood Cancer

Diagnosis & Treatment Glossary

Here are some of the common terms used in the diagnosis and treatment of childhood cancer.

 

Please select an alphabet to view a list of terms starting with that letter:

Electrolytes

A solution that produces ions (an ion is an atom or group of atoms that conduct electricty.  In medical usage electrolyte usually means the ion itself; thus the term serum electrolyte level means the concentration of separate ions (sodium, potassium, choride, bicarbonate, etc) in the circulating blood.

Eosinophil

A variety of white blood cell distinguished by the presence in its cytoplasm of coarse granules that stain orange-red with Romanowsky stains.  The function of the eosinophil is poorly understood, but it is capable of ingesting foreign particles, is present in large numbers in lining or covering surfaces within the body, and is involved in allergic responses.

Ependyma

The extremely thin membrane, composed of cells of the glia (ependymal cells), that lines the ventricles of the brain and the choroid plexuses.  It is responsible for helping to form cerebrospinal fluid.

Ependymoma

A cerebral tumour derived from the glial (non-nervous) cells lining the cavities of the ventricles of the brain.

Ewing’s sarcoma

A malignant tumour of bone occurring in children and young adults.  Distinguished from osteosarcoma by J.Ewing in 1921, it commonly arises in the femur but is liable to spread to other bones and to the lung.  It usually presents with pain, often associated with fever and leucocytosis. 

References:

Oxford Concise English-Chinese Medical Dictionary (Second Edition 2000), Oxford University Press
Churchill’s Illustrated Medical Dictionary (Fourth Edition 2004), Longman
Online Merriam Webster dictionary at www.merriam-webster.com

 

Acknowledgement:

Special thanks should be given to Mrs. Rosita Lie, Dr. Alan K.S. Chiang, Dr. Ha Shau-yin, Dr. Vincent Lee, Dr. Li Chi-keung, Dr. Li Chi-kong, Dr. Rever Li Chak-ho and Dr. Yuen Hui-leung for editorial review.